方法对比

	Braun & Clarke 的反思性主题分析法	话语分析	扎根理论
领域	质性	质性研究	质性研究
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2006 (seminal paper); explicitly named 'reflexive' from ~2019	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)	1967
提出者	Virginia Braun & Victoria Clarke	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss
类型	Qualitative research method	Method	Method
开创性文献	Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.
别名	RTA, reflexive TA, Braun and Clarke thematic analysis, qualitative thematic analysis	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis	GT, Grounded Theory Approach
相关	6	2	3
摘要	Reflexive Thematic Analysis (RTA) is a widely used qualitative method for identifying, analysing, and interpreting patterns of shared meaning — called themes — across a dataset. Developed by Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke, it is theoretically flexible, works across epistemological positions, and foregrounds the researcher's active, interpretive role rather than treating themes as features that simply emerge from data. It differs from older 'codebook' approaches by treating the analyst's subjectivity as a resource rather than a source of bias to be suppressed.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.