方法对比

	Rapid Assessment Instrument	Standardized Clinical Cutoff
领域	Social Work	Social Work
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2002	1991
提出者	Walter W. Hudson and the clinical-measurement tradition; codified by Springer, Abell & Hudson	Neil S. Jacobson & Paula Truax
类型	Brief, standardized, self-report measure for repeated use in practice	Method for judging whether individual change on a standardized measure is reliable and clinically meaningful
开创性文献	Springer, D. W., Abell, N., & Hudson, W. W. (2002). Creating and validating rapid assessment instruments for practice and research: Part 1. Research on Social Work Practice, 12(3), 408–439.	Jacobson, N. S., & Truax, P. (1991). Clinical significance: A statistical approach to defining meaningful change in psychotherapy research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59(1), 12–19.
别名	RAI, Rapid Assessment Instruments, Brief Standardized Self-Report Scale, Clinical Measurement Package Scales	Clinical Cutoff Score, Clinical Significance Method, Reliable Change Index, Jacobson-Truax Method
相关	4	3
摘要	A rapid assessment instrument (RAI) is a short, standardized, self-report measure designed to be completed quickly and repeatedly so that a social worker can assess the magnitude of a client's problem, compare it against a validated clinical cutoff, and monitor change over the course of an intervention. The format was championed by Walter Hudson, whose Clinical Measurement Package scales set the template, and was systematized for practitioners by Springer, Abell, and Hudson, who laid out how to create and validate such instruments for practice and research.	The standardized clinical cutoff approach, developed by Jacobson and Truax, judges whether an individual client's change on a standardized measure is both statistically reliable and clinically meaningful. It pairs a Reliable Change Index — which asks whether a pre-to-post change is larger than the measurement error of the instrument — with a cutoff score that marks the boundary between the dysfunctional and functional (normal) populations. A client who moves reliably across that cutoff is counted as recovered, giving practice and research a defensible, individual-level definition of meaningful improvement.