方法对比
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| 前瞻性竞争风险分析× | Kaplan-Meier分析× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 流行病学 | 流行病学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1978–1999 (foundational frameworks; prospective application standard by 2000s) | 1958 |
| 提出者≠ | Fine & Gray (subdistribution hazard model, 1999); Prentice, Kalbfleisch et al. (cause-specific hazard, 1978) | Edward L. Kaplan and Paul Meier |
| 类型≠ | Observational analytic study with event-time statistical analysis | Nonparametric survival estimator |
| 开创性文献≠ | Fine, J. P., & Gray, R. J. (1999). A proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing risk. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 94(446), 496–509. DOI ↗ | Kaplan, E. L., & Meier, P. (1958). Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 53(282), 457–481. DOI ↗ |
| 别名 | prospective CRA, prospective subdistribution hazard analysis, prospective cause-specific hazard analysis, forward-looking competing events analysis | KM analysis, KM estimator, product-limit estimator, Kaplan-Meier curve |
| 相关≠ | 4 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | Prospective competing risks analysis is an observational study design that follows participants forward in time from a well-defined starting point, recording all events — including those that prevent the primary event from occurring — and then estimates cause-specific incidence while correctly accounting for competing outcomes. It combines the temporal clarity of prospective cohort follow-up with the statistical rigor of competing risks methodology to avoid the overestimation inherent in standard Kaplan-Meier curves when multiple event types are present. | Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis is a nonparametric method for estimating the survival function from time-to-event data. Introduced by Kaplan and Meier in 1958, it produces the classic step-function survival curve that shows the probability of surviving beyond each observed event time, correctly accounting for censored observations — participants who left the study or had not yet experienced the event by the end of follow-up. It is one of the most widely used techniques in clinical and epidemiological research. |
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