方法对比
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| 比例加权抽样× | 分层抽样× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 调查方法论 | 调查方法论 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | Mid-20th century (formalized 1950s–1960s) | 1977 |
| 提出者≠ | William G. Cochran; Leslie Kish | William G. Cochran |
| 类型≠ | Probability sampling design | Probability-based survey sampling design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-16240-7 |
| 别名 | proportional probability weighting, proportional weight sampling, probability proportional to size sampling, PPS sampling | Proportional Stratified Sampling, Optimal Allocation Sampling, Stratum-Based Sampling, Tabakalı Örnekleme |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 2 |
| 摘要≠ | Proportional weighted sampling is a probability-based survey design in which each subgroup (stratum or cluster) of the population is sampled and weighted in proportion to its true size in the population. By assigning sampling weights that mirror the actual composition of the population, the method ensures unbiased estimates without the need for post-hoc reweighting, and produces efficient estimates when variance within subgroups is relatively homogeneous. | Stratified sampling is a probability sampling design in which the target population is partitioned into non-overlapping, exhaustive subgroups called strata, and independent probability samples are drawn within each stratum. Formalized by William G. Cochran in Sampling Techniques (1977), the method exploits known population structure to reduce variance and guarantee representativeness of all major subgroups, making it a cornerstone of large-scale survey research and official statistics. |
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