方法对比
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| 按规模概率抽样× | 多阶段抽样× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 调查方法论 | 调查方法论 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1950s–1960s | 1950s–1960s (formalized in Kish 1965 and Cochran 1977) |
| 提出者≠ | Formalized by William G. Cochran and Leslie Kish | Leslie Kish; William G. Cochran |
| 类型 | Probability sampling design | Probability sampling design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407 | Kish, L. (1965). Survey Sampling. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471109495 |
| 别名 | PPS cluster sampling, proportional-to-size cluster sampling, size-proportional cluster sampling, probability proportional to size sampling | multistage cluster sampling, multi-stage sampling, nested sampling, hierarchical sampling |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | Proportional cluster sampling selects naturally occurring groups (clusters) from a population with probability proportional to each cluster's size, so that larger clusters have a higher chance of selection while every individual element retains an equal overall inclusion probability. This design efficiently handles large, geographically dispersed populations and is the backbone of national health, education, and social surveys worldwide. | Multistage sampling is a probability-based design that selects a sample by working through two or more successive levels of a population hierarchy — for example, first selecting regions, then districts within those regions, then households within those districts. It makes large-scale surveys practical when a complete population list is unavailable or when the population is geographically dispersed, by concentrating fieldwork within a manageable number of sampled units at each stage. |
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