方法对比

	教育研究中的倾向得分加权	回归断点设计 (Regression Discontinuity Design, RDD)
领域	因果推断	因果推断
方法族	Regression model	Regression model
起源年份	1983 (theory); widely adopted in education research from 2000s	2008
提出者	Rosenbaum & Rubin (foundational theory, 1983); Thoemmes & Kim (education-focused review, 2011)	Imbens & Lemieux (guide to practice); Cattaneo, Idrobo & Titiunik (practical introduction)
类型	Quasi-experimental causal inference	Quasi-experimental causal design
开创性文献	Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika, 70(1), 41-55.	Imbens, G. W., & Lemieux, T. (2008). Regression Discontinuity Designs: A Guide to Practice. Journal of Econometrics, 142(2), 615-635.
别名	PSW in education, inverse probability weighting in education, IPW education, propensity weighting education	RDD, regression discontinuity design, sharp RDD, fuzzy RDD
相关	5	5
摘要	Propensity score weighting (PSW) is a quasi-experimental technique that reweights observational samples so that treated and comparison students look similar on measured background characteristics, allowing credible causal estimates of educational interventions — such as program participation, instructional method, or school type — without random assignment.	Regression Discontinuity Design is a quasi-experimental method that identifies a causal effect by locally comparing units just above and just below a cutoff on a continuous assignment (running) variable. Formalised for applied work by Imbens and Lemieux (2008) and developed as a practical framework by Cattaneo, Idrobo, and Titiunik (2020), it estimates a local average treatment effect (LATE) at the threshold.