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| 过程能力分析 (Cp, Cpk)× | 休哈特变量控制图（X-bar / R）× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 统计学 | 统计学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1986 | 1931 |
| 提出者≠ | Victor Kane | Walter A. Shewhart |
| 类型≠ | Quantitative process evaluation index | Statistical process control chart for variables |
| 开创性文献≠ | Kane, V. E. (1986). Process capability indices. Journal of Quality Technology, 18(1), 41–52. DOI ↗ | Shewhart, W. A. (1931). Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product. D. Van Nostrand Company. ISBN: 978-0-87389-076-2 |
| 别名≠ | Process Capability Indices, Capability Study, Süreç Yeterlilik Analizi, Process Performance Analysis | X-bar and R chart, Shewhart chart, variables control chart, process control chart |
| 相关≠ | 2 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | Process Capability Analysis quantifies how well a manufacturing or business process produces output within specified tolerance limits. Introduced formally by Victor Kane in 1986, it summarises process spread and centering into dimensionless indices — most notably Cp and Cpk — allowing engineers and quality managers to judge whether a stable process is inherently capable of meeting customer or design specifications consistently. | The Shewhart control chart, invented by Walter Shewhart at Bell Labs in the 1920s and set out in his 1931 book, is the foundational tool of statistical process control. It plots a process statistic — typically the subgroup mean (X-bar) and range (R) — over time against a center line and three-sigma control limits, distinguishing the natural common-cause variation inherent in a stable process from special-cause variation that signals something has changed and warrants investigation. |
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