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| Pragmatic Screening Test Evaluation× | 筛查试验评估× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 流行病学 | 流行病学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 2000s-2010s (formalized with PRECIS framework) | 1968 (Wilson-Jungner principles); statistical framework developed 1970s–2000s |
| 提出者≠ | Pragmatic trial framework: Schwartz & Lellouch (1967); PRECIS tool: Thorpe et al. (2009) | Wilson & Jungner (WHO criteria, 1968); foundational work by Pepe, Altman, and others in statistical test evaluation |
| 类型≠ | Observational / quasi-experimental evaluation design | Observational diagnostic / epidemiological evaluation design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Thorpe, K. E., Zwarenstein, M., Oxman, A. D., Treweek, S., Furberg, C. D., Altman, D. G., & Chalkidou, K. (2009). A pragmatic-explanatory continuum indicator summary (PRECIS): a tool to help trial designers. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 62(5), 464-475. DOI ↗ | Wilson, J. M. G., & Jungner, G. (1968). Principles and Practice of Screening for Disease. World Health Organization. Public Health Papers No. 34. link ↗ |
| 别名 | pragmatic diagnostic screen evaluation, real-world screening evaluation, effectiveness-oriented screening study, PRECIS-guided screening evaluation | screening study, screening performance evaluation, screening accuracy assessment, STE |
| 相关≠ | 5 | 6 |
| 摘要≠ | A pragmatic screening test evaluation assesses the real-world effectiveness of a screening instrument under routine clinical or public-health conditions — rather than the tightly controlled, ideal-participant settings of explanatory studies. It asks whether the screening tool performs adequately in the actual populations and workflows where it will be deployed, prioritising external validity and implementation relevance over maximally controlled internal conditions. | Screening test evaluation is a systematic epidemiological approach for assessing whether a test or program can accurately and cost-effectively identify individuals with a condition before symptoms appear. It quantifies diagnostic performance metrics — sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and the ROC curve — and evaluates whether a screening program meets established public health criteria for adoption and harm-benefit balance. |
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