方法对比
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| 预实验加权抽样× | 多阶段抽样× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 调查方法论 | 调查方法论 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | Mid-20th century (classical weighted sampling ~1934–1977; pilot study integration formalized in survey practice ~1970s–1980s) | 1950s–1960s (formalized in Kish 1965 and Cochran 1977) |
| 提出者≠ | Cochran, W. G.; Neyman, J. | Leslie Kish; William G. Cochran |
| 类型≠ | Probability sampling with differential selection probabilities in a preliminary study phase | Probability sampling design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471162407 | Kish, L. (1965). Survey Sampling. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471109495 |
| 别名 | pilot phase weighted sampling, weighted pilot sampling, pilot probability proportional sampling, pilot PPS sampling | multistage cluster sampling, multi-stage sampling, nested sampling, hierarchical sampling |
| 相关≠ | 3 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | Pilot weighted sampling applies weighted (unequal-probability) sampling within a small-scale preliminary study to estimate key design parameters — variance components, design effects, and optimal stratum weights — before committing resources to the full survey. By using differential inclusion probabilities in the pilot, researchers obtain more precise parameter estimates for rarer or more variable subgroups while keeping total pilot cost low. The results directly inform the weighting scheme and sample-size allocation for the main survey. | Multistage sampling is a probability-based design that selects a sample by working through two or more successive levels of a population hierarchy — for example, first selecting regions, then districts within those regions, then households within those districts. It makes large-scale surveys practical when a complete population list is unavailable or when the population is geographically dispersed, by concentrating fieldwork within a manageable number of sampled units at each stage. |
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