方法对比
并排查看您选择的方法；存在差异的行会高亮显示。
| 试点调查× | 结构化访谈× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 调查方法论 | 调查方法论 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | Widely formalised from the 1970s-1980s | 1940s–1950s |
| 提出者≠ | Systematic practice codified by Jean M. Converse and Stanley Presser | Survey research tradition; formalized by Campbell, Katona, and Kahn in mid-20th century |
| 类型≠ | Survey design and validation procedure | Quantitative / mixed data collection technique |
| 开创性文献≠ | Converse, J. M., & Presser, S. (1986). Survey Questions: Handcrafting the Standardized Questionnaire. Sage. ISBN: 978-0803925557 | Fontana, A., & Frey, J. H. (2000). The interview: From structured questions to negotiated text. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of Qualitative Research (2nd ed., pp. 645–672). Sage. link ↗ |
| 别名 | pre-tested survey, survey pre-testing, questionnaire pilot study, survey field test | standardized interview, formal interview, schedule-based interview, fixed-format interview |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | A pilot-tested survey is a structured questionnaire that has been administered to a small, representative sample before the main data-collection phase. The purpose is to detect problems with wording, response options, skip logic, or timing, allowing the researcher to refine the instrument before it reaches the full sample. Pilot testing is not a separate research design; it is a quality-assurance step embedded within survey methodology that substantially reduces measurement error. | A structured interview is a data collection technique in which every participant is asked exactly the same pre-specified questions in the same order, using standardized wording. Because the interview schedule is fixed, responses across participants are directly comparable, enabling quantitative aggregation and statistical analysis. It sits at the most standardized end of the interview continuum, between the self-administered questionnaire and the semi-structured interview. |
| ScholarGate数据集 ↗ |
|
|