方法对比
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| I期临床试验× | 诊断准确性研究设计× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 流行病学 | 临床研究 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1960s (formal regulatory framework established ~1963–1970s) | 2003-2015 |
| 提出者≠ | Regulatory and clinical pharmacology community; formalized in U.S. FDA IND regulations (1963) and ICH guidelines | Bossuyt, Reitsma, and STARD group (2003); clinical epidemiology pioneers |
| 类型≠ | Interventional clinical study design | Research Design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Storer, B. E. (1989). Design and analysis of phase I clinical trials. Biometrics, 45(3), 925–937. DOI ↗ | Bossuyt, P. M., Reitsma, J. B., Bruns, D. E., Gatsonis, C. A., Glasziou, P. P., Irwig, L. M., ... & de Vet, H. C. (2003). Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD initiative. Annals of Internal Medicine, 138(1), 40–44. DOI ↗ |
| 别名 | Phase 1 trial, first-in-human study, FIH study, dose-escalation study | diagnostic accuracy study, test accuracy, STARD, diagnostic evaluation |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 2 |
| 摘要≠ | A Phase I clinical trial is the first stage of human testing for a new drug, biologic, or intervention. Its primary objective is to evaluate safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) rather than therapeutic efficacy. Small cohorts of participants — typically healthy volunteers or patients with advanced disease — receive sequentially increasing doses to identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and the dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) that define the boundary for subsequent trials. | A diagnostic accuracy study evaluates how well a new diagnostic test (or biomarker, imaging modality, clinical assessment) detects the presence or absence of disease compared to a reference standard (gold standard). Standardized since 2003 by the STARD (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) initiative, diagnostic accuracy studies are fundamental to clinical medicine, determining whether and how new tests can improve patient diagnosis and treatment. |
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