方法对比

	患者跌倒风险评估	早期预警评分
领域	护理学	护理学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2000	2012
提出者	Multiple researchers (Oliver, Hendrich, and colleagues)	Royal College of Physicians and multiple researchers (Smith, Prytherch, et al.)
类型	Assessment protocol	Scoring and warning system
开创性文献	Hendrich, A. L., Bender, P. S., & Nyhuis, A. (2003). Validation of the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model: a large concurrent case/control study of hospitalized patients. Applied Nursing Research, 16(3), 159-171.	Smith, G. B., Prytherch, D. R., Schmidt, P. E., & Featherstone, P. I. (2008). Should early warning systems be based on single data points or on trends? Resuscitation, 81(4), 424-426.
别名	Fall Risk Screening, Fall Prevention Assessment, PFRA	EWS, NEWS, National Early Warning Score, Rapid Response System
相关	4	4
摘要	Patient Fall Risk Assessment is a systematic clinical evaluation process used to identify hospitalized or institutionalized patients at increased risk of falling. Falls are a major cause of injury and mortality in healthcare settings, particularly among older adults. The assessment considers intrinsic patient factors (e.g., age, medical conditions, medications) and extrinsic environmental factors (e.g., lighting, equipment, flooring) to guide preventive interventions.	The Early Warning Score (EWS), most commonly known as the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) in the UK, is a standardized tool for identifying acutely unwell patients at risk of deterioration. Developed by the Royal College of Physicians and validated through research by Smith, Prytherch, and colleagues, NEWS combines vital sign measurements and supplemental oxygen use to generate a composite score. High NEWS scores trigger escalated care responses, enabling early intervention before critical illness develops.