方法对比
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| 基于面板的描述性研究× | 面板研究× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 研究设计 | 研究设计 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1940s–1960s | 1970s-1980s (econometric formalization); earlier social survey use from 1940s |
| 提出者≠ | Developed within survey methodology and social science panel traditions (Lazarsfeld, Kish, and others) | Social science and econometric traditions; systematized by Cheng Hsiao and others from the 1970s-1980s |
| 类型≠ | Quantitative observational research design | Quantitative longitudinal observational design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Menard, S. (2002). Longitudinal Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761922827 | Hsiao, C. (2003). Analysis of Panel Data (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0521522717 |
| 别名 | descriptive panel study, panel survey descriptive design, repeated cross-sectional descriptive panel, panel descriptive research | panel study, panel survey, longitudinal panel, repeated-measures panel |
| 相关≠ | 4 | 3 |
| 摘要≠ | Panel-based descriptive research follows the same set of individuals, households, or organizations across multiple time points and uses that repeated-measures structure to describe how variables, distributions, and patterns change over time — without imposing an experimental manipulation or testing causal hypotheses. It is distinguished from cross-sectional descriptive research by its capacity to document intra-individual change, and from explanatory panel research by its goal of accurate description rather than causal modelling. | Panel research is a quantitative longitudinal design in which the same individuals, organizations, or other units are measured repeatedly across two or more time points. Unlike cross-sectional surveys that capture a single snapshot, a panel tracks change within units, enabling researchers to separate genuine within-unit change from between-unit differences and to model causal dynamics over time. |
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