方法对比

	在线文档收集	文献收集
领域	调查方法论	调查方法论
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1990s–2000s (digital / web era)	19th–20th century historical methods; contemporary social-science codification c. 2000s
提出者	Adapted from traditional document analysis; digital form emerged with widespread internet adoption	Rooted in historical and social science traditions; systematized by Lindsay Prior and Glenn Bowen
类型	Qualitative / mixed-methods data collection technique	Qualitative / mixed data-collection technique
开创性文献	Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40.	Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40.
别名	digital document collection, web document gathering, online archival data collection, digital records collection	document analysis, documentary method, document review, secondary document analysis
相关	5	3
摘要	Online document collection is the systematic process of identifying, retrieving, and compiling digital documents — including web pages, institutional publications, social media posts, policy documents, and digital archives — as primary or supplementary research data. It extends classical document analysis into internet-mediated environments, enabling researchers to access large, geographically dispersed corpora without fieldwork travel or physical archive access.	Document collection is a systematic data-collection technique in which the researcher gathers and reviews existing written, visual, or digital records — such as reports, meeting minutes, policies, letters, photographs, or institutional records — as primary or supplementary evidence. It is widely used in qualitative, historical, and mixed-methods research and can stand alone or complement interviews and observation.