方法对比

	Net-Map (Influence Network Mapping)	Cultural Domain Analysis	Participatory Rural Appraisal
领域	Anthropology	Anthropology	Anthropology
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2010	1994	1994
提出者	Eva Schiffer (with Jennifer Hauck)	Stephen P. Borgatti (synthesis of cognitive anthropology methods)	Robert Chambers and collaborators
类型	Participatory tool for collecting social/influence network data and facilitating learning	Integrated framework for eliciting and analyzing cultural domains	Family of participatory field appraisal and planning methods
开创性文献	Schiffer, E., & Hauck, J. (2010). Net-Map: collecting social network data and facilitating network learning through participatory influence network mapping. Field Methods, 22(3), 231–249.	Borgatti, S. P. (1994). Cultural domain analysis. Journal of Quantitative Anthropology, 4(4), 261–278.	Chambers, R. (1994). The origins and practice of participatory rural appraisal. World Development, 22(7), 953–969.
别名	Net-Map, Influence Network Mapping, Participatory Influence Mapping, Influence Tower Mapping	CDA, Domain Analysis (cognitive anthropology), Cultural Domains Approach, Cognitive Domain Analysis	PRA, Participatory Learning and Action, Participatory Rural Appraisal Methods, PLA
相关	3	4	2
摘要	Net-Map is a participatory, paper-based tool developed by Eva Schiffer for collecting social and influence network data while helping participants reflect on the networks they are part of. Sitting around a large sheet, participants name the actors involved in a goal or process, draw and label the links between them by type (for example funding, information, or command), and then stack physical 'influence towers' — disks or blocks — beside each actor to show how much power that actor holds. The session produces both a rich qualitative discussion and a quantitative, analyzable network with weighted nodes and typed, directed ties.	Cultural domain analysis is the integrated framework in cognitive anthropology for discovering the content and structure of a cultural domain — a coherent set of related items such as illnesses, animals, kin terms, or emotions — as the members of a culture themselves organize it. It chains together elicitation methods (free listing, pile sorting, triad tests) and analytic methods (salience, multidimensional scaling, clustering, consensus analysis) to move from 'what items are in this domain?' to 'how are they organized and how widely is that organization shared?'	Participatory rural appraisal is a growing family of approaches and methods that enable local people to share, enhance, and analyze their own knowledge of their lives and conditions, and to plan and act on it. Associated above all with Robert Chambers, PRA reverses the conventional research relationship: outside facilitators hand over the stick, and community members themselves do the mapping, ranking, diagramming, and analysis that drive planning and action.