方法对比

	Net-Map (Influence Network Mapping)	Participatory Rural Appraisal
领域	Anthropology	Anthropology
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2010	1994
提出者	Eva Schiffer (with Jennifer Hauck)	Robert Chambers and collaborators
类型	Participatory tool for collecting social/influence network data and facilitating learning	Family of participatory field appraisal and planning methods
开创性文献	Schiffer, E., & Hauck, J. (2010). Net-Map: collecting social network data and facilitating network learning through participatory influence network mapping. Field Methods, 22(3), 231–249.	Chambers, R. (1994). The origins and practice of participatory rural appraisal. World Development, 22(7), 953–969.
别名	Net-Map, Influence Network Mapping, Participatory Influence Mapping, Influence Tower Mapping	PRA, Participatory Learning and Action, Participatory Rural Appraisal Methods, PLA
相关	3	2
摘要	Net-Map is a participatory, paper-based tool developed by Eva Schiffer for collecting social and influence network data while helping participants reflect on the networks they are part of. Sitting around a large sheet, participants name the actors involved in a goal or process, draw and label the links between them by type (for example funding, information, or command), and then stack physical 'influence towers' — disks or blocks — beside each actor to show how much power that actor holds. The session produces both a rich qualitative discussion and a quantitative, analyzable network with weighted nodes and typed, directed ties.	Participatory rural appraisal is a growing family of approaches and methods that enable local people to share, enhance, and analyze their own knowledge of their lives and conditions, and to plan and act on it. Associated above all with Robert Chambers, PRA reverses the conventional research relationship: outside facilitators hand over the stick, and community members themselves do the mapping, ranking, diagramming, and analysis that drive planning and action.