方法对比
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| 多阶段抽样× | 簇抽样× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 调查方法论 | 调查方法论 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1950s–1960s (formalized in Kish 1965 and Cochran 1977) | Early-to-mid 20th century; canonical treatment 1953/1977 |
| 提出者≠ | Leslie Kish; William G. Cochran | Formalized by William G. Cochran; roots in early 20th-century U.S. Census Bureau survey practice |
| 类型 | Probability sampling design | Probability sampling design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Kish, L. (1965). Survey Sampling. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471109495 | Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471162407 |
| 别名≠ | multistage cluster sampling, multi-stage sampling, nested sampling, hierarchical sampling | cluster random sampling, area sampling, one-stage cluster sampling |
| 相关 | 5 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | Multistage sampling is a probability-based design that selects a sample by working through two or more successive levels of a population hierarchy — for example, first selecting regions, then districts within those regions, then households within those districts. It makes large-scale surveys practical when a complete population list is unavailable or when the population is geographically dispersed, by concentrating fieldwork within a manageable number of sampled units at each stage. | Cluster sampling is a probability sampling technique in which the population is divided into naturally occurring groups (clusters), a random sample of clusters is selected, and all — or a random subset of — members within each selected cluster are studied. It is especially practical when a complete population list is unavailable or when units are geographically dispersed, making individual random selection prohibitively expensive. One-stage cluster sampling surveys every member of selected clusters; two-stage designs add a second random draw within clusters. |
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