方法对比
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| 多层探索性因子分析 (ML-EFA)× | 探索性因子分析（EFA）× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 心理测量学 | 统计学 |
| 方法族 | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| 起源年份≠ | 1994 | — |
| 提出者≠ | Bengt O. Muthén | — |
| 类型≠ | Latent variable / multilevel dimension reduction | Latent variable / dimension reduction |
| 开创性文献≠ | Muthén, B. O. (1994). Multilevel covariance structure analysis. Sociological Methods & Research, 22(3), 376–398. DOI ↗ | Fabrigar, L. R., Wegener, D. T., MacCallum, R. C. & Strahan, E. J. (1999). Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research. Psychological Methods, 4(3), 272–299. DOI ↗ |
| 别名≠ | ML-EFA, multilevel factor analysis, two-level exploratory factor analysis, hierarchical exploratory factor analysis | common factor analysis, açımlayıcı faktör analizi, factor analysis |
| 相关≠ | 3 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | Multilevel exploratory factor analysis uncovers latent factor structures simultaneously at two or more levels of a data hierarchy — for example, both within individuals and between groups — without imposing a fixed structure in advance. It is essential whenever survey or test items are collected from respondents nested inside classrooms, organisations, or clinics. | Exploratory factor analysis reduces a large set of observed variables into a smaller number of latent common factors. It is widely used in scale development and psychometrics to uncover the dimensional structure that underlies a set of correlated items, without specifying that structure in advance. |
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