方法对比

	多源深度访谈	半结构化访谈
领域	调查方法论	质性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1980s–1990s (formalized in qualitative inquiry literature)	1946 (Merton & Kendall); codified as a standard method through the 1980s–1990s
提出者	Grounded in qualitative traditions consolidated by Patton, Lincoln & Guba, and others	Robert K. Merton and Patricia Kendall (focused interview, 1946); further systematised by Steinar Kvale
类型	Qualitative data collection technique	Qualitative research method
开创性文献	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761919711	Kvale, S., & Brinkmann, S. (2009). InterViews: Learning the Craft of Qualitative Research Interviewing (2nd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-0761925422
别名	multi-informant in-depth interview, multi-perspective qualitative interview, multiple-source IDI, multi-stakeholder in-depth interview	guided interview, semi-standardized interview, focused interview, SSI
相关	5	6
摘要	The multi-source in-depth interview is a qualitative data collection strategy in which extended, open-ended interviews are conducted with participants drawn from two or more distinct source groups — such as providers and clients, managers and staff, or experts and laypeople. Collecting data across diverse informant positions enriches description and enables the researcher to examine a phenomenon from multiple vantage points within a single study.	The semi-structured interview is a qualitative data-collection method in which the researcher prepares a set of key questions or topic areas in advance but remains free to probe, follow up, and reorder as the conversation evolves. Unlike structured interviews — which fix every question and sequence — or unstructured interviews — which are entirely open — the semi-structured format balances comparability across participants with the flexibility needed to capture the depth and nuance of individual perspectives. It is the most widely used interview format in social science, health, and education research.