方法对比
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| 多响应控制图× | 过程能力分析 (Cp, Cpk)× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 实验设计 | 统计学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1947 (Hotelling T²); 1980s–1990s (MEWMA, MCUSUM extensions) | 1986 |
| 提出者≠ | Harold Hotelling (multivariate foundation); extended by Lowry, Woodall, and others | Victor Kane |
| 类型≠ | Multivariate statistical process monitoring | Quantitative process evaluation index |
| 开创性文献≠ | Hotelling, H. (1947). Multivariate quality control illustrated by the air testing of sample bombsights. In C. Eisenhart, M. W. Hastay, & W. A. Wallis (Eds.), Techniques of Statistical Analysis (pp. 111–184). McGraw-Hill. link ↗ | Kane, V. E. (1986). Process capability indices. Journal of Quality Technology, 18(1), 41–52. DOI ↗ |
| 别名 | multivariate control chart, multi-response SPC, MRCC, multiple-response monitoring chart | Process Capability Indices, Capability Study, Süreç Yeterlilik Analizi, Process Performance Analysis |
| 相关≠ | 6 | 2 |
| 摘要≠ | A multi-response control chart simultaneously monitors two or more correlated quality characteristics on a single chart, preserving the correlation structure that univariate charts ignore. Built on Hotelling's T² statistic and its time-weighted extensions (MEWMA, MCUSUM), it detects process shifts that would be missed if each response were charted independently. It is the standard tool in manufacturing and service quality when product performance depends on multiple interrelated outputs. | Process Capability Analysis quantifies how well a manufacturing or business process produces output within specified tolerance limits. Introduced formally by Victor Kane in 1986, it summarises process spread and centering into dimensionless indices — most notably Cp and Cpk — allowing engineers and quality managers to judge whether a stable process is inherently capable of meeting customer or design specifications consistently. |
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