方法对比

	多群体收敛效度	多群体区分效度评估
领域	心理测量学	心理测量学
方法族	Latent structure	Latent structure
起源年份	1981 / 2000	1981 (foundational criterion); multi-group extension 1990s–2000s
提出者	Fornell & Larcker (convergent validity criteria); Vandenberg & Lance (multi-group extension)	Fornell & Larcker (for the AVE-based criterion); extended to multi-group settings by the SEM invariance literature
类型	Validity assessment procedure	Validity assessment / model comparison
开创性文献	Fornell, C. & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.	Fornell, C. & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.
别名	cross-group convergent validity, multi-sample convergent validity, MGCFA convergent validity, AVE across groups	cross-group discriminant validity, multi-sample discriminant validity, MGDV, discriminant validity across groups
相关	6	5
摘要	Multi-group convergent validity examines whether items purported to measure the same latent construct relate strongly to that construct consistently across distinct subgroups such as demographic categories, cultures, or experimental conditions. It extends single-sample convergent validity checks into a comparative multi-group confirmatory factor analysis framework.	Multi-group discriminant validity assessment tests whether constructs measured by a scale are empirically distinct not just in one sample but consistently across two or more groups (e.g., cultures, genders, age cohorts). It extends standard discriminant validity criteria — such as the AVE rule and the HTMT ratio — into a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis framework to verify that conceptual distinctness is replicable across subpopulations.