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| 匹配筛查试验评估× | 筛查试验评估× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 流行病学 | 流行病学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1980s–2000s (formalized alongside diagnostic accuracy methodology) | 1968 (Wilson-Jungner principles); statistical framework developed 1970s–2000s |
| 提出者≠ | Methodological synthesis from matched case-control and diagnostic accuracy traditions (Pepe, Zhou, and others) | Wilson & Jungner (WHO criteria, 1968); foundational work by Pepe, Altman, and others in statistical test evaluation |
| 类型≠ | Observational diagnostic study with matched design | Observational diagnostic / epidemiological evaluation design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Pepe, M. S. (2003). The Statistical Evaluation of Medical Tests for Classification and Prediction. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 978-0198509844 | Wilson, J. M. G., & Jungner, G. (1968). Principles and Practice of Screening for Disease. World Health Organization. Public Health Papers No. 34. link ↗ |
| 别名 | matched diagnostic accuracy study, paired screening evaluation, matched-pair test performance study, matched screening assessment | screening study, screening performance evaluation, screening accuracy assessment, STE |
| 相关 | 6 | 6 |
| 摘要≠ | Matched screening test evaluation assesses the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of a screening or diagnostic test using a matched design, in which disease-positive cases are paired with one or more disease-free controls selected to share key characteristics such as age, sex, or clinical setting. Matching controls for confounders before measuring test performance produces more precise and less biased estimates of diagnostic accuracy, and enables direct paired comparisons of competing tests within the same subjects. | Screening test evaluation is a systematic epidemiological approach for assessing whether a test or program can accurately and cost-effectively identify individuals with a condition before symptoms appear. It quantifies diagnostic performance metrics — sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and the ROC curve — and evaluates whether a screening program meets established public health criteria for adoption and harm-benefit balance. |
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