方法对比

	匹配病例交叉设计	病例-交叉设计
领域	流行病学	流行病学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1991 (base design); matched variant refined ~1998–2000	1991
提出者	Malcolm Maclure (case-crossover); time-matched variant developed by Navidi (1998) and Lumley & Levy (2000)	Malcolm Maclure
类型	Observational epidemiological design	Observational epidemiological study design
开创性文献	Maclure, M. (1991). The case-crossover design: a method for studying transient effects on the risk of acute events. American Journal of Epidemiology, 133(2), 144–153.	Maclure, M. (1991). The case-crossover design: A method for studying transient effects on the risk of acute events. American Journal of Epidemiology, 133(2), 144–153.
别名	matched case-crossover study, time-matched case-crossover, bidirectional case-crossover, symmetric bidirectional design	case-crossover study, CCO design, self-matched case study, within-person crossover case study
相关	3	3
摘要	The matched case-crossover design is a self-controlled observational study in which each case serves as its own control. A short hazard window immediately before the acute event is compared with one or more matched control windows — selected to have the same day of week, season, or other time-varying covariate — making the design robust to stable individual confounders and calendar-time trends simultaneously.	The case-crossover design is an observational epidemiological method that estimates whether a transient exposure triggers an acute event by comparing each case's exposure during a brief hazard window immediately before the event to their own exposure during earlier control periods. Because each person serves as their own control, all stable personal characteristics are automatically adjusted for, making the design especially powerful for studying intermittent exposures and sudden-onset outcomes such as myocardial infarction, stroke, or injury.