方法对比

	多元方差分析 (MANOVA)	独立样本t检验	单因素方差分析
领域	统计学	统计学	统计学
方法族	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
起源年份	1932	1908	1925
提出者	Samuel Stanley Wilks (Wilks' Lambda, 1932); Roy, Hotelling, Pillai (mid-20th c.)	Student (W. S. Gosset)	Ronald A. Fisher
类型	Parametric multivariate mean comparison	Parametric mean comparison	Parametric mean comparison
开创性文献	Tabachnick, B.G. & Fidell, L.S. (2013). Using Multivariate Statistics (6th ed.). Pearson. ISBN: 978-0205849574	Student (1908). The probable error of a mean. Biometrika, 6(1), 1–25.	Fisher, R. A. (1925). Statistical Methods for Research Workers. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.
别名	Multivariate ANOVA, Çok Değişkenli ANOVA (MANOVA)	student t-test, two-sample t-test, unpaired t-test, bağımsız örneklem t-testi	one-factor ANOVA, single-factor ANOVA, analysis of variance, tek yönlü ANOVA
相关	5	4	4
摘要	MANOVA is a parametric hypothesis test that simultaneously compares group means across multiple continuous dependent variables, controlling the inflation of Type I error that would result from running separate ANOVAs. Key multivariate test statistics — Wilks' Lambda, Pillai's Trace, Hotelling-Lawley Trace, and Roy's Greatest Root — were developed between the 1930s and 1950s, with Wilks' Lambda formalised by Samuel Stanley Wilks in 1932.	The independent samples t-test is a parametric hypothesis test that compares the means of two independent groups to decide whether they differ significantly. It builds on the t-distribution introduced by Student (W. S. Gosset) in 1908 and assumes the measured values are continuous, approximately normally distributed, and have equal variances.	One-way ANOVA is a parametric hypothesis test that compares the means of three or more independent groups on a single continuous outcome to decide whether at least one group mean differs. It rests on the variance-partitioning framework introduced by Ronald A. Fisher in 1925.