方法对比

	纵向深度访谈	半结构化访谈
领域	调查方法论	质性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1990s–2000s (as a formalised qualitative method)	1946 (Merton & Kendall); codified as a standard method through the 1980s–1990s
提出者	Rooted in qualitative longitudinal research traditions; systematised by Johnny Saldana	Robert K. Merton and Patricia Kendall (focused interview, 1946); further systematised by Steinar Kvale
类型	Qualitative longitudinal data collection technique	Qualitative research method
开创性文献	Saldana, J. (2003). Longitudinal Qualitative Research: Analyzing Change Through Time. AltaMira Press. ISBN: 978-0759103917	Kvale, S., & Brinkmann, S. (2009). InterViews: Learning the Craft of Qualitative Research Interviewing (2nd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-0761925422
别名	repeated in-depth interview, longitudinal qualitative interview, panel qualitative interview, longitudinal IDI	guided interview, semi-standardized interview, focused interview, SSI
相关	5	6
摘要	Longitudinal in-depth interviewing is a qualitative data collection technique in which the same participants are interviewed in depth on multiple occasions across a defined time span. By revisiting the same people over weeks, months, or years, researchers can trace how experiences, identities, attitudes, and meanings change — something a single interview cannot reveal. It is widely used in life-course research, health studies, education, and social policy.	The semi-structured interview is a qualitative data-collection method in which the researcher prepares a set of key questions or topic areas in advance but remains free to probe, follow up, and reorder as the conversation evolves. Unlike structured interviews — which fix every question and sequence — or unstructured interviews — which are entirely open — the semi-structured format balances comparability across participants with the flexibility needed to capture the depth and nuance of individual perspectives. It is the most widely used interview format in social science, health, and education research.