方法对比
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| 纵向解释性研究× | 面板研究× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 研究设计 | 研究设计 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | 1970s–1990s (formal methodological codification) | 1970s-1980s (econometric formalization); earlier social survey use from 1940s |
| 提出者≠ | Rooted in panel and longitudinal survey traditions; systematised by Scott Menard and others in the late 20th century | Social science and econometric traditions; systematized by Cheng Hsiao and others from the 1970s-1980s |
| 类型≠ | Quantitative observational research design | Quantitative longitudinal observational design |
| 开创性文献≠ | Menard, S. (2002). Longitudinal Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761922452 | Hsiao, C. (2003). Analysis of Panel Data (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0521522717 |
| 别名 | explanatory longitudinal design, longitudinal causal research, explanatory panel study, longitudinal explanatory study | panel study, panel survey, longitudinal panel, repeated-measures panel |
| 相关≠ | 4 | 3 |
| 摘要≠ | Longitudinal explanatory research combines repeated measurement over time with an explicit aim of explaining why and how variables change or influence one another. Unlike purely descriptive longitudinal designs, the explanatory orientation tests causal or predictive hypotheses by examining temporal precedence — a key criterion for causal inference in non-experimental settings. It is widely used in social, behavioral, educational, and health sciences to disentangle cause from correlation. | Panel research is a quantitative longitudinal design in which the same individuals, organizations, or other units are measured repeatedly across two or more time points. Unlike cross-sectional surveys that capture a single snapshot, a panel tracks change within units, enabling researchers to separate genuine within-unit change from between-unit differences and to model causal dynamics over time. |
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