方法对比

	Kanban	SCOR 模型	快速换模（SMED）
领域	运营管理	运营管理	运营管理
方法族	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning
起源年份	1950	1996	1985
提出者	Taiichi Ohno	Pittiglio, Rabin, Todd & McGrath	Shigeo Shingo
类型	Production control system	Supply chain reference framework	Setup time reduction technique
开创性文献	Ohno, T. (1988). Toyota production system: Beyond large-scale production. Cambridge, MA: Productivity Press.	Stewart, G. (1997). Supply chain operations reference model: SCOR, logistics information management, Vol. 10 No. 5, pp. 62-74.	Shingo, S. (1985). A revolution in manufacturing: The SMED system. Cambridge, MA: Productivity Press.
别名	visual management, pull system	—	quick changeover, rapid setup
相关	5	5	5
摘要	Kanban is a pull-based production control system developed by Taiichi Ohno at Toyota in the 1950s that uses visual signals (traditionally cards or bins) to trigger production and movement of materials based on actual demand rather than forecasts. The Japanese word 'kanban' means 'visual card' or 'sign,' and the system operates on the principle that work should flow in response to downstream requirements. Kanban is a foundational element of the Toyota Production System and lean manufacturing, enabling just-in-time production, reduced inventory, and improved flow efficiency.	The Supply Chain Operations Reference Model is a standardized framework for supply chain management developed by the Supply Chain Council (now APICS) in 1996. SCOR provides a structured approach to identify, evaluate, and improve supply chain processes across organizations, regardless of industry. It integrates planning, sourcing, manufacturing, delivery, and returns into a coherent operational model.	Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) is a systematic approach developed by Shigeo Shingo in the 1980s to drastically reduce the time required to changeover equipment from producing one product to another. The methodology, part of the Toyota Production System, aims to reduce setup time to a single-digit minute range (ideally under nine minutes), enabling smaller batch sizes, faster response to customer demand, and improved flexibility in manufacturing. SMED is a cornerstone of lean manufacturing and just-in-time production.