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| 项目分析（经典测量理论）× | 项目反应理论 (IRT)× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 心理测量学 | 心理测量学 |
| 方法族 | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| 起源年份≠ | 1979 | 1952–1968 |
| 提出者≠ | Classical Test Theory tradition; foundational texts by Allen & Yen (1979) and Crocker & Algina (1986) | Frederic M. Lord (and Allan Birnbaum for the 2PL/3PL models) |
| 类型≠ | Descriptive / psychometric screening | Probabilistic measurement model |
| 开创性文献≠ | Allen, M. J. & Yen, W. M. (1979). Introduction to Measurement Theory. Brooks/Cole. ISBN: 978-0818501333 | Lord, F. M. & Novick, M. R. (1968). Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores. Addison-Wesley. link ↗ |
| 别名≠ | Madde Analizi (Klasik Test Kuramı), CTT item analysis, classical item analysis | IRT, latent trait theory, item characteristic curve theory, modern test theory |
| 相关 | 5 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | Item analysis is the foundational psychometric procedure for evaluating the quality of individual test or scale items within the Classical Test Theory (CTT) framework, as systematised by Allen and Yen (1979) and Crocker and Algina (1986). It produces an item difficulty index, an item discrimination index, and a distractor analysis for each item, enabling test developers to identify items that are too easy, too hard, or failing to separate high- and low-ability respondents. | Item response theory models the probability that a respondent answers an item correctly (or endorses it) as a function of the respondent's latent trait level and the item's own statistical properties — difficulty, discrimination, and guessing. Unlike classical test theory, IRT places persons and items on the same scale, yielding measurement that is sample-independent for items and test-independent for persons. |
| ScholarGate数据集 ↗ |
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