方法对比
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| 项目分析（经典测量理论）× | 探索性因子分析（EFA）× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 心理测量学 | 统计学 |
| 方法族 | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| 起源年份≠ | 1979 | — |
| 提出者≠ | Classical Test Theory tradition; foundational texts by Allen & Yen (1979) and Crocker & Algina (1986) | — |
| 类型≠ | Descriptive / psychometric screening | Latent variable / dimension reduction |
| 开创性文献≠ | Allen, M. J. & Yen, W. M. (1979). Introduction to Measurement Theory. Brooks/Cole. ISBN: 978-0818501333 | Fabrigar, L. R., Wegener, D. T., MacCallum, R. C. & Strahan, E. J. (1999). Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research. Psychological Methods, 4(3), 272–299. DOI ↗ |
| 别名 | Madde Analizi (Klasik Test Kuramı), CTT item analysis, classical item analysis | common factor analysis, açımlayıcı faktör analizi, factor analysis |
| 相关≠ | 5 | 4 |
| 摘要≠ | Item analysis is the foundational psychometric procedure for evaluating the quality of individual test or scale items within the Classical Test Theory (CTT) framework, as systematised by Allen and Yen (1979) and Crocker and Algina (1986). It produces an item difficulty index, an item discrimination index, and a distractor analysis for each item, enabling test developers to identify items that are too easy, too hard, or failing to separate high- and low-ability respondents. | Exploratory factor analysis reduces a large set of observed variables into a smaller number of latent common factors. It is widely used in scale development and psychometrics to uncover the dimensional structure that underlies a set of correlated items, without specifying that structure in advance. |
| ScholarGate数据集 ↗ |
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