方法对比

	综合评价	快速审查
领域	科学计量学	科学计量学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2005 (updated methodology); roots in Cooper (1982)	2000s (rapidly adopted after 2005; Cochrane guidance 2020–2021)
提出者	Robin Whittemore & Kathleen Knafl	Developed and formalised by health technology assessment agencies and the Cochrane Collaboration
类型	Systematic review method	Evidence synthesis review
开创性文献	Whittemore, R., & Knafl, K. (2005). The integrative review: Updated methodology. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 52(5), 546–553.	Garritty, C., Gartlehner, G., Nussbaumer-Streit, B., King, V. J., Hamel, C., Kamel, C., Affengruber, L., & Stevens, A. (2021). Cochrane Rapid Reviews Methods Group offers evidence-informed guidance to conduct rapid reviews. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 130, 13–22.
别名	integrative literature review, integrative research review, ILR, integrative synthesis	rapid evidence review, accelerated systematic review, rapid evidence assessment, REA
相关	6	5
摘要	An integrative review is a systematic method for synthesising literature that allows the simultaneous inclusion of diverse study designs — experimental, quasi-experimental, and non-experimental — as well as theoretical papers. Unlike the conventional systematic review, which is restricted to controlled trials or a single methodology, the integrative review builds a comprehensive understanding of a phenomenon by drawing on the full breadth of the relevant evidence base. The method follows a rigorous, structured pipeline to ensure transparency and minimise bias.	A rapid review is a streamlined form of systematic review that deliberately simplifies or omits certain steps — such as dual screening, exhaustive grey-literature search, or full risk-of-bias assessment — in order to deliver timely, policy-relevant evidence synthesis within weeks rather than years. It is increasingly used by health agencies, governments, and organisations facing urgent decision-making needs where a full systematic review is not feasible within the available time and resources.