方法对比

	深度访谈	扎根理论	叙事分析
领域	质性	质性研究	质性
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Mid-20th century (formalised in qualitative social research from the 1950s onward)	1967	1967 (foundational); 2008 (canonical handbook)
提出者	Rooted in sociological interviewing traditions; systematised by researchers including Steinar Kvale and Herbert J. Rubin	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss	Catherine Kohler Riessman (seminal synthesis, 2008); roots in Labov & Waletzky (1967)
类型	Qualitative research method	Method	Qualitative interpretive method
开创性文献	Kvale, S. (1996). InterViews: An Introduction to Qualitative Research Interviewing. Sage. ISBN: 978-0803958203	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.	Riessman, C.K. (2008). Narrative Methods for the Human Sciences. Sage.
别名	IDI, semi-structured interview, unstructured interview, qualitative interview	GT, Grounded Theory Approach	narrative inquiry, life history analysis, biographical research, Anlatı Analizi (Narrative Analysis)
相关	6	3	6
摘要	The in-depth interview is a one-to-one qualitative data-collection method in which a researcher engages a participant in an extended, open-ended conversation to elicit rich, detailed accounts of experiences, perceptions, beliefs, or meanings. Unlike structured surveys, the interview guide serves as a flexible road map rather than a fixed script, allowing the researcher to probe unexpected directions as they emerge. The approach is foundational to qualitative inquiry and is used directly as a primary method or as the data-collection arm of phenomenology, grounded theory, narrative analysis, and other frameworks.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.	Narrative analysis is a qualitative research method, synthesised canonically by Catherine Kohler Riessman (2008), that examines how individuals storise their lived experiences and construct meaning through the telling. Drawing on life history, biographical, and narrative inquiry traditions, it treats the story itself — not just its content — as the unit of analysis, attending to temporal sequence, plot structure, and the social context in which a narrative is produced.