方法对比

	异方差稳健 (HC) 标准误	分位数回归
领域	统计学	计量经济学
方法族	Regression model	Regression model
起源年份	1980	1978
提出者	Eicker; Huber; White (1980); MacKinnon & White (1985)	Koenker & Bassett
类型	Robust covariance estimator for linear regression	Conditional quantile regression
开创性文献	White, H. (1980). A Heteroskedasticity-Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimator and a Direct Test for Heteroskedasticity. Econometrica, 48(4), 817-838.	Koenker, R. & Bassett, G., Jr. (1978). Regression Quantiles. Econometrica, 46(1), 33-50.
别名	robust standard errors, White standard errors, Huber-Eicker-White standard errors, sandwich standard errors	conditional quantile regression, regression quantiles, Kantil Regresyon
相关	5	5
摘要	Heteroscedasticity-robust standard errors are a correction to the covariance matrix of an OLS regression that yields valid inference when the error variance is not constant. Introduced by Halbert White in 1980 and refined into the finite-sample variants HC1-HC4 by MacKinnon and White in 1985, they leave the coefficient estimates unchanged but rebuild the standard errors so that t and F tests remain trustworthy under heteroscedasticity.	Quantile regression models conditional quantiles of an outcome - the median, the 25th or 75th percentile, and so on - rather than the conditional mean that OLS targets. Introduced by Koenker and Bassett in 1978, it reveals how predictors act across the whole distribution, including its tails.