方法对比

	扎根理论	叙事探究	现象学研究	主题分析
领域	质性研究	质性研究	质性研究	质性研究
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1967	2000	1900s (Husserl); 1920s (Heidegger)	2006
提出者	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss	D. Jean Clandinin and F. Michael Connelly	Edmund Husserl (descriptive) and Martin Heidegger (interpretive)	Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke
类型	Method	Method	Method	Method
开创性文献	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.	Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (2000). Narrative inquiry: Experience and story in qualitative research. Jossey-Bass.	Husserl, E. (1931). Cartesian meditations: An introduction to phenomenology (D. Cairns, Trans.). Martinus Nijhoff.	Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.
别名	GT, Grounded Theory Approach	Narrative Analysis, Narrative Research, Life Story Method	Phenomenology, Descriptive Phenomenology, Interpretive Phenomenology	TA, Reflexive Thematic Analysis
相关	3	3	3	3
摘要	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.	Narrative inquiry is a qualitative research methodology that treats stories and life narratives as primary data, analyzing how individuals construct meaning and identity through storytelling. Developed by D. Jean Clandinin and F. Michael Connelly (2000), narrative inquiry examines the narratives people tell about their lives, experiences, and transitions, understanding that people make sense of experience through narrative.	Phenomenological research is a qualitative methodology focused on understanding the lived experience of a phenomenon as it is experienced by individuals. Rooted in the philosophical traditions of Edmund Husserl (descriptive phenomenology) and Martin Heidegger (interpretive phenomenology), this approach seeks to uncover the essential structures and meanings of human experience.	Thematic Analysis (TA) is a qualitative research methodology for identifying, analyzing, and reporting patterns (themes) in qualitative data. Developed systematically by Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke (2006), TA is flexible and accessible, applicable across diverse theoretical frameworks and data types, making it one of the most widely used qualitative methods in psychology, health research, and social sciences.