方法对比

	Food Security Measurement	Resilience Measurement for Development
领域	Development Studies	Development Studies
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	2013	2016
提出者	FAO (FIES); FANTA (HFIAS); World Food Programme (FCS)	FAO (RIMA); Christophe Béné and colleagues (conceptual framing)
类型	Experiential and dietary food-security survey	Latent-variable framework for measuring development resilience
开创性文献	Ballard, T. J., Kepple, A. W., & Cafiero, C. (2013). The Food Insecurity Experience Scale: Development of a Global Standard for Monitoring Hunger Worldwide. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).	FAO (2016). RIMA-II: Resilience Index Measurement and Analysis-II. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
别名	Food insecurity measurement, FIES, HFIAS, Food Consumption Score	RIMA, Resilience Index Measurement and Analysis, Resilience Capacity Index, Development Resilience Measurement
相关	4	4
摘要	Food security measurement comprises a family of survey-based instruments that capture households' or individuals' access to adequate food, distinct from the U.S. USDA Household Food Security Survey Module. The dominant tools — the FAO Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES), the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), the World Food Programme's Food Consumption Score (FCS), and dietary-diversity scores such as the Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) — measure either the lived experience of food insecurity or the quantity and quality of the diet, providing the indicators used for global hunger monitoring and humanitarian targeting.	Resilience Measurement and Analysis is a family of methods for quantifying the ability of households and communities to withstand, recover from, and adapt to shocks and stresses while maintaining or improving their well-being, especially food security. Exemplified by the FAO's Resilience Index Measurement and Analysis (RIMA-II) and informed by Béné and colleagues' critical conceptual work, it treats resilience as a latent capacity inferred from observable assets, access to services, and adaptive behaviours, estimated statistically and tracked over time to inform and evaluate resilience-building interventions.