方法对比

	一阶可靠性方法 (FORM)	高度加速寿命试验 (HALT)
领域	可靠性工程	可靠性工程
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1969	1990s
提出者	Allin Cornell	William Leis and others
类型	Reliability analysis method	Product reliability testing methodology
开创性文献	Cornell, C. A. (1969). A probability-based structural code. Journal of the American Concrete Institute, 66(12), 974-985.	Leis, B. N., & Stephens, D. R. (2011). Reliability methodologies for structural integrity assessment. Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 133(5), 051204.
别名	FORM, First-order second-moment method	HALT, Accelerated stress testing, HASS
相关	4	4
摘要	The First-Order Reliability Method (FORM) is a probabilistic technique for estimating the probability of structural failure given uncertain input parameters. Developed by Allin Cornell in 1969 and refined by Hasofer and Lind in 1974, FORM provides a computationally efficient approximation to the true failure probability by linearizing the limit-state function at the most probable failure point. It has become the cornerstone of modern structural reliability analysis and risk-based design.	Highly Accelerated Life Testing (HALT) is a methodology for rapidly identifying design weaknesses and determining the margin between normal operating conditions and product failure. By applying extreme but non-destructive stress profiles (thermal, vibration, etc.), HALT accelerates the failure clock to reveal latent defects in weeks rather than years. Developed intensively from the 1980s onward and refined by practitioners in electronics and mechanical systems, HALT has become essential in accelerated product development and reliability validation.