方法对比

	基于场域的会话分析	对话分析	话语分析
领域	质性	质性	质性研究
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1960s–1970s (CA foundations); field applications consolidated from the 1990s onward	Late 1960s–1974 (foundational lectures 1964–1972; landmark article 1974)	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)
提出者	Harvey Sacks, Emanuel Schegloff, Gail Jefferson (CA roots); extended to field settings by later ethnomethodologists	Harvey Sacks, Emanuel Schegloff, and Gail Jefferson	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell
类型	Qualitative observational-analytic approach	Qualitative research method	Method
开创性文献	Hindmarsh, J., & Llewellyn, N. (2017). Video in sociomaterial investigations: A solution to the problem of relevance for organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 21(2), 412–437.	Sacks, H., Schegloff, E. A., & Jefferson, G. (1974). A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking for conversation. Language, 50(4), 696–735.	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.
别名	field CA, naturalistic conversation analysis, in situ conversation analysis, fieldwork CA	CA, talk-in-interaction, sequential analysis, interactional analysis	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis
相关	3	6	2
摘要	Field-based conversation analysis (field CA) applies the rigorous sequential-analytic methods of conversation analysis to talk and interaction recorded in real-world settings — workplaces, clinics, classrooms, and public spaces — rather than to pre-existing corpora or laboratory data. By combining sustained fieldwork access with fine-grained transcript analysis, it reveals how social order is accomplished turn by turn in the actual environments where it matters.	Conversation Analysis (CA) is a qualitative research method that examines the fine-grained sequential structure of naturally occurring talk and social interaction. Developed by sociologists Harvey Sacks, Emanuel Schegloff, and Gail Jefferson in the 1960s and 1970s, CA investigates how participants in a conversation accomplish social actions — such as invitations, refusals, or diagnoses — through the precise moment-by-moment organisation of their talk, including turn-taking, sequence structure, repair, and recipient design.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.