方法对比

	面对面结构化访谈	在线结构化访谈
领域	调查方法论	调查方法论
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Mid-20th century (formalized 1950s–1960s)	Late 1990s–2000s (with widespread adoption post-2010)
提出者	Cannell, Kahn, and survey methodology tradition	Emerged from structured interview methodology adapted for internet-mediated communication
类型	Quantitative / mixed-methods data collection	Quantitative/standardized data collection technique
开创性文献	Groves, R. M., Fowler, F. J., Couper, M. P., Lepkowski, J. M., Singer, E., & Tourangeau, R. (2009). Survey Methodology (2nd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0470465462	Salmons, J. (2015). Qualitative Online Interviews: Strategies, Design, and Skills (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-1452283500
别名	FTFSI, personal interview, in-person structured interview, face-to-face survey interview	web-based structured interview, virtual structured interview, digital structured interview, e-interview (structured)
相关	5	4
摘要	A face-to-face structured interview is a data collection method in which a trained interviewer meets each respondent in person and asks a fixed set of questions in a predetermined order, recording responses verbatim or using a closed-response format. It combines the response-rate advantages of personal contact with the standardization of a fixed instrument, making it a cornerstone of large-scale social, health, and policy surveys.	An online structured interview applies the classical structured interview protocol — a fixed set of predetermined questions asked in a fixed order — via internet-mediated channels such as video conferencing, synchronous chat, or email. Every participant receives the exact same questions, enabling systematic comparison across respondents while eliminating geographic barriers. It combines the standardization benefits of face-to-face structured interviewing with the reach, cost efficiency, and scheduling flexibility of online data collection.