方法对比

	有效场论	费曼图	重整化群方程
领域	粒子物理学	粒子物理学	粒子物理学
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1979	1949	1970
提出者	Steven Weinberg	Richard Feynman	Curtis Callan and David Gross
类型	Model-independent approach	Visualization and calculation framework	Scale dependence framework
开创性文献	Weinberg, S. (1979). Baryon and lepton nonconserving processes. Physical Review Letters, 43(21), 1566.	Feynman, R. P. (1949). The Theory of Positrons. Physical Review, 76(6), 749–759.	Callan, C. G. (1970). Broken scale invariance in scalar field theory. Physical Review D, 2(6), 1541.
别名	EFT, effective theory, operator product expansion	Feynman graph, interaction diagram	RGE, running couplings, beta function evolution
相关	3	3	3
摘要	Effective Field Theory (EFT) is a general framework for studying physics at low energies in terms of the relevant degrees of freedom, without requiring complete knowledge of high-energy physics. By expanding in powers of energy, EFT provides model-independent parameterizations of new physics effects and systematic methods for computing precision predictions of the Standard Model.	Feynman diagrams are graphical representations of particle interactions introduced by Richard Feynman in 1949. They provide an intuitive and systematic way to visualize and calculate amplitudes for quantum field theory processes, converting complex mathematical expressions into geometric pictures that reveal the underlying physics.	Renormalization Group Equations (RGEs) describe how the coupling constants and masses of a quantum field theory evolve with energy scale. They are fundamental tools for understanding the scale dependence of physics, predicting the behavior of coupling strengths at different energies, and connecting high-energy physics to low-energy precision measurements.