方法对比

	德宾-沃森自相关检验	多元线性回归
领域	计量经济学	统计学
方法族	Regression model	Regression model
起源年份	1950	1886
提出者	James Durbin & Geoffrey Watson	Francis Galton; formalized by Karl Pearson
类型	Test for first-order residual autocorrelation	Parametric linear model
开创性文献	Durbin, J., & Watson, G. S. (1950). Testing for serial correlation in least squares regression: I. Biometrika, 37(3/4), 409–428.	Galton, F. (1886). Regression towards mediocrity in hereditary stature. Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 15, 246–263.
别名	DW test, Durbin-Watson statistic, Durbin-Watson otokorelasyon testi	MLR, OLS regression, multiple regression, linear regression with multiple predictors
相关	4	8
摘要	The Durbin-Watson test, developed by James Durbin and Geoffrey Watson in 1950–1951, detects first-order serial correlation in the residuals of a linear regression. Its statistic ranges from 0 to 4, with a value near 2 indicating no autocorrelation, values toward 0 indicating positive autocorrelation, and values toward 4 indicating negative autocorrelation. It remains one of the most reported regression diagnostics despite well-known limitations.	Multiple linear regression (MLR) is a parametric regression model that expresses a continuous outcome as a weighted linear combination of two or more predictor variables plus a random error term. The unknown weights (regression coefficients) are estimated by ordinary least squares (OLS), which minimises the sum of squared residuals. The method traces to Francis Galton's 1886 work on hereditary stature and was placed on firm mathematical footing by Karl Pearson; Draper and Smith's 1966 textbook established it as the standard framework for applied regression.