方法对比

	Demographic and Health Survey Analysis	Food Security Measurement
领域	Development Studies	Development Studies
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1984	2013
提出者	USAID / The DHS Program (ICF)	FAO (FIES); FANTA (HFIAS); World Food Programme (FCS)
类型	Nationally representative population and health survey	Experiential and dietary food-security survey
开创性文献	Croft, T. N., Marshall, A. M. J., Allen, C. K., et al. (2018). Guide to DHS Statistics: DHS-7. Rockville, MD: ICF, The DHS Program.	Ballard, T. J., Kepple, A. W., & Cafiero, C. (2013). The Food Insecurity Experience Scale: Development of a Global Standard for Monitoring Hunger Worldwide. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
别名	DHS, Demographic and Health Survey, DHS Program survey, Standard DHS	Food insecurity measurement, FIES, HFIAS, Food Consumption Score
相关	4	4
摘要	The Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) are nationally representative household surveys that provide standardised, internationally comparable data on population, health, and nutrition in low- and middle-income countries. Funded primarily by USAID and implemented through The DHS Program, they use model questionnaires, a complex multi-stage sample design, and a standardised wealth index to produce indicators of fertility, child and maternal mortality, family planning, child nutrition, and disease prevalence that drive health policy and programme monitoring worldwide.	Food security measurement comprises a family of survey-based instruments that capture households' or individuals' access to adequate food, distinct from the U.S. USDA Household Food Security Survey Module. The dominant tools — the FAO Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES), the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), the World Food Programme's Food Consumption Score (FCS), and dietary-diversity scores such as the Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) — measure either the lived experience of food insecurity or the quantity and quality of the diet, providing the indicators used for global hunger monitoring and humanitarian targeting.