方法对比

	批判性话语分析 (CDA)	内容分析	扎根理论
领域	质性	质性	质性研究
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Late 1970s–1990s (systematised ~1979–1995)	Systematised through Krippendorff's methodology work; 4th edition 2018	1967
提出者	Norman Fairclough; Teun A. van Dijk; Ruth Wodak	Klaus Krippendorff (systematic formulation); roots in early 20th-century communications research	Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss
类型	Qualitative research method	Qualitative / mixed-method research technique	Method
开创性文献	Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. Polity Press.	Krippendorff, K. (2018). Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology (4th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506395661	Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Aldine.
别名	CDA, Critical Linguistics, Discourse-Historical Approach, Dialectical-Relational Analysis	İçerik Analizi, systematic content coding, quantitative content analysis	GT, Grounded Theory Approach
相关	6	5	3
摘要	Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a qualitative method that examines how language in texts and talk constructs, sustains, and challenges relations of power, ideology, and social inequality. Drawing on linguistics, social theory, and critical philosophy, CDA treats discourse not merely as communication but as social practice — a site where dominance is reproduced and where resistance can be articulated. Developed in the late twentieth century by Norman Fairclough, Teun van Dijk, and Ruth Wodak, among others, CDA is applied to political speeches, media texts, policy documents, educational materials, and institutional interactions.	Content analysis is a systematic research technique for reducing text, visual, or media material into coded categories so that patterns can be counted, compared, and interpreted. Formalised by Klaus Krippendorff in his widely cited methodology textbook (latest edition 2018), the method sits at the boundary of qualitative and quantitative inquiry: it imposes structured, replicable coding on inherently meaning-laden material.	Grounded Theory (GT) is a systematic qualitative research methodology in which theory emerges directly from data through iterative analysis, rather than being imposed before data collection. Developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in 1967, GT prioritizes generating explanatory frameworks grounded in evidence.