方法对比

	内容分析	文献分析
领域	质性	质性研究
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	Systematised through Krippendorff's methodology work; 4th edition 2018	1920
提出者	Klaus Krippendorff (systematic formulation); roots in early 20th-century communications research	Max Weber and Karl Mannheim
类型	Qualitative / mixed-method research technique	Method
开创性文献	Krippendorff, K. (2018). Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology (4th ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-1506395661	Scott, J. (1990). A Matter of Record: Documentary Sources in Social Research. Polity Press. ISBN: 978-0745608419
别名	İçerik Analizi, systematic content coding, quantitative content analysis	documentary analysis, textual analysis, content analysis of documents, archival research
相关	5	4
摘要	Content analysis is a systematic research technique for reducing text, visual, or media material into coded categories so that patterns can be counted, compared, and interpreted. Formalised by Klaus Krippendorff in his widely cited methodology textbook (latest edition 2018), the method sits at the boundary of qualitative and quantitative inquiry: it imposes structured, replicable coding on inherently meaning-laden material.	Document analysis is a systematic qualitative research method for examining written, visual, or audiovisual sources—such as policy documents, historical records, organizational records, media reports, emails, social media posts, photographs, or videos—to extract meaning, identify patterns, and understand social phenomena. Developed by Weber and Mannheim in early 20th-century sociology, the method bridges historical research, content analysis, and textual interpretation. Document analysis is used across disciplines to understand organizational change, policy evolution, media representation, historical events, and cultural meaning. Documents provide evidence of what organizations, institutions, or societies value, decide, and communicate, often revealing contradictions between policy and practice.