方法对比

	基于项目反应理论的计算机自适应测试 (CAT-IRT)	Rasch 模型
领域	心理测量学	心理测量学
方法族	Latent structure	Latent structure
起源年份	1970s–1980s	1960
提出者	Lord, F. M.; further developed by Wainer, van der Linden, and others	Georg Rasch
类型	Adaptive measurement / sequential testing	Item Response Theory / Latent trait model
开创性文献	Wainer, H. (Ed.). (2000). Computerized Adaptive Testing: A Primer (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805835113	Rasch, G. (1960). Probabilistic Models for Some Intelligence and Attainment Tests. Danish Institute for Educational Research, Copenhagen.
别名	CAT-IRT, adaptive testing, IRT-based CAT, computerized adaptive testing	1PL IRT, one-parameter logistic model, Rasch Modeli — 1PL IRT, 1PL model
相关	4	6
摘要	Computerized adaptive testing based on item response theory is a sequential measurement procedure in which a computer algorithm selects successive test items tailored to each examinee's estimated ability level. Drawing on IRT to model item characteristics and ability estimation, CAT delivers precise scores with far fewer items than fixed-length tests, making it efficient for high-stakes assessments, clinical screening, and large-scale surveys.	The Rasch model, introduced by Georg Rasch in 1960, is the simplest member of the Item Response Theory (IRT) family. It assigns a single difficulty parameter to each test item and places both item difficulties and person abilities on the same logit scale, enabling direct, sample-independent comparison of items and persons.