方法对比

	卷积神经网络（分类）	支持向量机（分类）	Transformer (NLP)
领域	深度学习	机器学习	深度学习
方法族	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning
起源年份	1998	1995	2017
提出者	LeCun, Y. et al.	Cortes, C. & Vapnik, V.	Vaswani, A. et al.
类型	Deep neural network (convolutional)	Maximum-margin classifier (kernel method)	Attention-based deep neural network
开创性文献	LeCun, Y., Bottou, L., Bengio, Y. & Haffner, P. (1998). Gradient-Based Learning Applied to Document Recognition. Proceedings of the IEEE, 86(11), 2278–2324.	Cortes, C. & Vapnik, V. (1995). Support-Vector Networks. Machine Learning, 20, 273–297.	Vaswani, A. et al. (2017). Attention Is All You Need. NeurIPS.
别名	CNN (Evrişimli Sinir Ağı — Sınıflandırma), CNN classification, ConvNet, convolutional network classifier	Destek Vektör Makinesi (SVM — Sınıflandırma), support-vector network, SVM classifier, maximum-margin classifier	Transformer Modeli (NLP), attention-based language model, self-attention network, transformer NLP
相关	5	5	4
摘要	A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a deep learning model, established by LeCun and colleagues in 1998, that learns local patterns directly from images and structured data to classify them. Stacks of convolutional filters discover increasingly abstract features, so manual feature engineering can be largely reduced.	The Support Vector Machine, introduced by Corinna Cortes and Vladimir Vapnik in 1995, is a classifier that finds the optimal separating hyperplane between classes in a high-dimensional space. It chooses the boundary that leaves the widest possible margin to the nearest training points, which makes its decisions robust on new data.	The Transformer is an attention-based deep learning model, introduced by Vaswani and colleagues in 2017, that performs text classification, named-entity recognition, and language modelling by letting every token in a sequence attend directly to every other token. It replaced earlier recurrent designs with a self-attention mechanism that processes whole sequences in parallel.