方法对比

	Citizens' Jury Method	Policy Delphi
领域	Public Policy	Public Policy
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1986	1970
提出者	Ned Crosby (Jefferson Center); Peter Dienel developed the parallel Planungszelle	Murray Turoff
类型	Deliberative mini-public method	Structured, iterative expert-deliberation technique for policy
开创性文献	Crosby, N., Kelly, J. M., & Schaefer, P. (1986). Citizens panels: A new approach to citizen participation. Public Administration Review, 46(2), 170–178.	Turoff, M. (1970). The design of a policy Delphi. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2(2), 149–171.
别名	Citizens Jury, Citizen Panel, Citizens' Panel	Policy Delphi Technique, Turoff Policy Delphi, Decision Delphi
相关	4	3
摘要	A citizens' jury is a deliberative method that convenes a small, demographically representative panel of randomly selected citizens to consider a policy question in depth and produce reasoned recommendations. Modelled loosely on the trial jury, it gives ordinary people time, balanced information, expert witnesses and skilled facilitation so they can deliberate and reach a considered judgement on behalf of the wider public. Developed in the United States by Ned Crosby and his Jefferson Center, with a parallel German tradition (the Planungszelle) created by Peter Dienel, it is a leading form of deliberative 'mini-public'.	The policy Delphi is a structured, iterative technique for eliciting and organising informed opinion on contested policy issues. Unlike the classical Delphi, which seeks consensus on a forecast, the policy Delphi is explicitly designed to generate the strongest possible opposing positions on a policy question and to expose the full range of options, supporting arguments and disagreements among a panel of knowledgeable stakeholders. Introduced by Murray Turoff in 1970, it conducts several anonymous rounds in which participants rate policy statements on dimensions such as desirability and feasibility, see aggregated feedback and the reasoning behind divergent views, and revise their positions — surfacing structured intelligence for decision-makers rather than a forced agreement.