方法对比

	贝叶斯描述性统计	贝叶斯独立样本t检验
领域	统计学	统计学
方法族	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
起源年份	1763/1812	2009 (modern form); 1961 (Jeffreys prior framework)
提出者	Thomas Bayes / Pierre-Simon Laplace	Harold Jeffreys (foundational); operationalized by Rouder et al.
类型	Bayesian parameter estimation	Bayesian hypothesis test
开创性文献	Gelman, A., Carlin, J. B., Stern, H. S., Dunson, D. B., Vehtari, A., & Rubin, D. B. (2013). Bayesian Data Analysis (3rd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN: 978-1439840955	Rouder, J. N., Speckman, P. L., Sun, D., Morey, R. D., & Iverson, G. (2009). Bayesian t tests for accepting and rejecting the null hypothesis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 16(2), 225–237.
别名	Bayesian summaries, posterior descriptives, Bayesian parameter estimation, credible-interval summaries	Bayesian two-sample t-test, Bayes factor t-test, JZS t-test, Bayesian unpaired t-test
相关	5	3
摘要	Bayesian descriptive statistics summarizes data by combining observed information with prior knowledge through Bayes' theorem, yielding posterior distributions over parameters such as the mean and variance. Instead of point estimates and p-values, results are expressed as posterior means, medians, and credible intervals that carry a direct probability interpretation.	The Bayesian independent samples t-test quantifies evidence for or against a mean difference between two independent groups using a Bayes factor rather than a p-value. Rooted in Jeffreys's probability framework and popularized by Rouder et al. (2009), it places a Cauchy prior on the standardized effect size and returns continuous evidence for both the null and alternative hypotheses.