方法对比

	自适应分层抽样	比例分层抽样
领域	调查方法论	调查方法论
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1990s (formal development from Thompson 1990 onward)	1953–1965 (formalized in survey sampling literature)
提出者	Steven K. Thompson (adaptive sampling); allocation adaptations by Salehi, Seber, and others	William G. Cochran; Leslie Kish
类型	Probability-based adaptive sampling design	Probability sampling design
开创性文献	Thompson, S. K. (1990). Adaptive cluster sampling. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 85(412), 1050–1059.	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407
别名	ASS, adaptive stratified design, stratified adaptive sampling, adaptive allocation stratified sampling	proportionate stratified sampling, proportional allocation stratified sampling, PSRS, proportionate stratified random sampling
相关	6	6
摘要	Adaptive stratified sampling divides the population into strata and then applies an adaptive rule within each stratum: whenever an initially selected unit satisfies a pre-specified condition (e.g., a rare species is found, a variable exceeds a threshold), neighboring or related units are added to the sample. This combines the variance-reduction power of stratification with the ability to concentrate sampling effort where the phenomenon of interest is actually present.	Proportional stratified sampling divides the target population into non-overlapping strata (subgroups defined by a key characteristic such as age band, region, or gender) and then draws a simple random sample from each stratum so that each stratum's share of the total sample matches its share of the total population. Because each subgroup is represented in exact proportion to its population weight, the resulting sample mirrors the population structure closely without requiring post-hoc weighting adjustments.