方法对比
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| 自适应筛查测试评估× | 项目反应理论 (IRT)× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域≠ | 流行病学 | 心理测量学 |
| 方法族≠ | Process / pipeline | Latent structure |
| 起源年份≠ | 1980s–1990s (formal adaptive screening frameworks) | 1952–1968 |
| 提出者≠ | Lord, F. M. (IRT foundations); Wainer & colleagues (CAT adaptation to screening) | Frederic M. Lord (and Allan Birnbaum for the 2PL/3PL models) |
| 类型≠ | Psychometric evaluation method | Probabilistic measurement model |
| 开创性文献≠ | Wainer, H., Dorans, N. J., Flaugher, R., Green, B. F., & Mislevy, R. J. (2000). Computerized Adaptive Testing: A Primer (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805835113 | Lord, F. M. & Novick, M. R. (1968). Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores. Addison-Wesley. link ↗ |
| 别名 | adaptive screening, computerized adaptive screening, tailored screening test evaluation, CAT-based screening evaluation | IRT, latent trait theory, item characteristic curve theory, modern test theory |
| 相关≠ | 3 | 5 |
| 摘要≠ | Adaptive screening test evaluation is a psychometric and epidemiological framework for designing and assessing screening instruments whose item selection or stopping rules adjust dynamically to each respondent's response pattern. Rooted in item response theory (IRT) and computerized adaptive testing (CAT), the method uses real-time ability or severity estimates to present only the most informative items, then evaluates the resulting screening decisions against a clinical reference standard using standard diagnostic accuracy metrics. | Item response theory models the probability that a respondent answers an item correctly (or endorses it) as a function of the respondent's latent trait level and the item's own statistical properties — difficulty, discrimination, and guessing. Unlike classical test theory, IRT places persons and items on the same scale, yielding measurement that is sample-independent for items and test-independent for persons. |
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