方法对比
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| 自适应随机临床试验× | 随机对照试验 (RCT)× | |
|---|---|---|
| 领域 | 流行病学 | 流行病学 |
| 方法族 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 起源年份≠ | Late 1990s–2000s (widespread adoption post-2010) | 1948 (first rigorously conducted RCT — MRC streptomycin trial) |
| 提出者≠ | Donald Berry and colleagues; formalized by FDA guidance in 2010 and 2019 | Austin Bradford Hill; MRC Streptomycin Trial team |
| 类型≠ | Experimental clinical trial design | Interventional experimental study |
| 开创性文献≠ | Berry, D. A. (2006). Bayesian clinical trials. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 5(1), 27–36. DOI ↗ | Friedman, L. M., Furberg, C. D., DeMets, D. L., Reboussin, D. M., & Granger, C. B. (2015). Fundamentals of Clinical Trials (5th ed.). Springer. ISBN: 978-3319185385 |
| 别名 | adaptive RCT, adaptive trial design, response-adaptive randomization trial, adaptive clinical trial | RCT, randomized controlled trial, randomised controlled trial, clinical randomized trial |
| 相关 | 6 | 6 |
| 摘要≠ | An adaptive randomized clinical trial (adaptive RCT) is a prospective experimental study that uses pre-specified rules to modify one or more trial aspects — such as sample size, allocation ratios, or treatment arms — based on accumulating data collected during the trial itself, while maintaining statistical validity and integrity of the study. | A randomized clinical trial (RCT) is an experimental study design in which participants are randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group, then followed prospectively to compare outcomes. Random allocation is the defining feature: it distributes known and unknown confounders across groups by chance, making the RCT the strongest individual study design for establishing causal efficacy of a treatment or intervention under controlled conditions. |
| ScholarGate数据集 ↗ |
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