方法对比

	适应性最大变异抽样	自适应分层抽样
领域	调查方法论	调查方法论
方法族	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
起源年份	1990s–2000s (practice codified in qualitative methods literature)	1990s (formal development from Thompson 1990 onward)
提出者	Synthesizes Patton (maximum variation) and Thompson (adaptive sampling)	Steven K. Thompson (adaptive sampling); allocation adaptations by Salehi, Seber, and others
类型	Adaptive purposive qualitative sampling strategy	Probability-based adaptive sampling design
开创性文献	Patton, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods (2nd ed.). Sage. [Maximum variation sampling, pp. 169–183] ISBN: 978-0803937796	Thompson, S. K. (1990). Adaptive cluster sampling. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 85(412), 1050–1059.
别名	adaptive purposive maximum variation sampling, iterative maximum variation sampling, adaptive heterogeneous sampling, AMVS	ASS, adaptive stratified design, stratified adaptive sampling, adaptive allocation stratified sampling
相关	5	6
摘要	Adaptive maximum variation sampling is a purposive qualitative sampling strategy that combines the logic of maximum variation sampling — deliberately selecting cases that differ as widely as possible on key dimensions — with an adaptive, iterative recruitment process. Rather than fixing the full sample in advance, the researcher continuously reviews emerging data to identify which types of cases are underrepresented and recruits new participants to fill those gaps, maximizing heterogeneity throughout data collection.	Adaptive stratified sampling divides the population into strata and then applies an adaptive rule within each stratum: whenever an initially selected unit satisfies a pre-specified condition (e.g., a rare species is found, a variable exceeds a threshold), neighboring or related units are added to the sample. This combines the variance-reduction power of stratification with the ability to concentrate sampling effort where the phenomenon of interest is actually present.